|
Johnny Gruelle (December 24, 1880 – January 9, 1938) was an American artist, political cartoonist, children's book author and illustrator (and even songwriter). He is known as the creator of Raggedy Ann and Raggedy Andy. ==History== John Barton Gruelle was born in Arcola, Illinois, on December 24, 1880, and at age 2 moved with his family to Indianapolis, Indiana, where his painter father, Richard Gruelle, became associated with the Hoosier Group of painters. Richard Gruelle’s friends included poet James Whitcomb Riley, whose poems “The Elf-Child”, later titled “Little Orphant Annie” (1885) and "The Raggedy Man" (1888), would form the basis for Johnny Gruelle's naming of Raggedy Ann.〔 John Gruelle's cartoons first appeared in print in the ''Indianapolis Star'' in 1905.〔Hall, p. 40〕 From 1906 to 1911 his cartooning work appeared in many newspapers, usually signed as ''Grue'', including ''The Toledo News-Bee'', ''The Pittsburgh Press'', ''The Tacoma Times'', and ''The Spokane Press''. After he beat out 1,500 entrants to win a cartooning contest sponsored in 1911 by The ''New York Herald'', Gruelle created ''Mr. Twee Deedle'', which was in print from that year to at least 1914.〔(''Mr. Twee Deedle'' ) at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. (Archived ) from the original on September 30, 2015.〕 Gruelle gave his daughter Marcella a dusty, faceless rag doll found in the attic. He drew a whimsical face on the doll and named her Raggedy Ann, and in 1915 patented and trademarked the design and name The was dated September 7, 1915. Gruelle began approaching publishers, and 1918, the P.F. Volland Company published ''Raggedy Ann Stories'', promoting it with a Raggedy Ann doll.〔 Both became major successes. In 1920, Gruelle introduced Raggedy Ann's brother, the mischievous and adventuresome Raggedy Andy, in the book ''Raggedy Andy Stories.'' Gruelle was awarded a patent for a stuffed animal in 1921 . Gruelle's "Raggedy Ann's Sunny Songs" was set to music by William H. Woodin. One of Gruelle's characters is Little Wooden Willie, a reference to Will Woodin. Gruelle lived in the Silvermine section of New Canaan, Connecticut, where the dolls were first mass-produced, and later moved his home and company to neighboring Wilton, Connecticut. Gruelle spent a year in Ashland, Oregon, from 1923 to 1924. He died at home in Miami Springs, Florida, on January 9, 1938, of a heart attack.〔 Abstract; full article requires subscription.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johnny Gruelle」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|